¡¶¾­¼ÃÊ·µÄȤζ¡·

ÏÂÔر¾Êé

Ìí¼ÓÊéÇ©

¾­¼ÃÊ·µÄȤζ- µÚ4²¿·Ö


°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·­Ò³£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡
àÈ˵ļìÑ飬ÊÇÏ㻨»¹ÊǶ¾²ÝÔç¾ÍÇå³þÁË¡£³ý·ÇÎÒƷζÌØÊ⣬Ôõô»áÔÚÀäÃÅÁìÓòÀïÀË·Ñʱ¼äÓ뾫Á¦ÄØ£¿µ«ÎÒÒ²³£ÌáÐÑ×Ô¼º£ºÈ˶àµÄµØ·½²»ÒªÈ¥£¬Èç¹û²»±È±ðÈËÇ¿£¬ÄǾ͸ú±ðÈ˲»Ò»Ñù£»Ì«¶àÈËÌÔÍÚ¹ýµÄ½ð¿ó£¬¾Í²»±ØÈ¥´ÕÈÈÄÖÁË¡£FogelºÍNorthÔÚ195060Äê´ú¶Á²©Ê¿°àʱ£¬Ó¸ÒÑ¡Ôñ³¬ÀäÃŵľ­¼ÃÊ·£¬²ÅÓлú»áÔÚ1993ÄêµÃµ½³¬¶îµÄ±¨³ê¡£
Èç¹ûÄãµÄÀúÊ·¸ÐÊÜÁ¦²»´í£¬ÄÜд¼òµ¥µÄÊýѧģÐÍ£¬»á²Ù×÷³õ¼¶µÄͳ¼ÆÈí¼þ£¬¿ÏÁ÷º¹ÍÚ¾òÀúÊ·²ÄÁÏ£¬ÄǾͿÉÒÔ¿¼ÂÇÑ¡ÔñÕâ¸öÐÐÒµ£¬Ó¦¸Ã»á±ÈÔÚÖ÷Á÷ÁìÓòÈÝÒ×´æ»î¡£Èç¹ûÄ㽨¹¹ÊýѧģÐ͵ÄÄÜÁ¦±ÈºÈ¿ªË®»¹ÈÝÒ×£¬Ò²ÄÜÔÚÖ÷Á÷¾­¼ÃѧÃÅÀï³öÍ·£¬ÄÇΪʲô²»¿¼ÂǰѾ­¼ÃÊ·µ±×÷µÚ¶þרҵ£¬ÏíÊÜÖØÐÂÚ¹ÊÍÀúÊ·µÄ¿ì¸Ð£¬Ëµ²»¶¨»¹»áÓС¸ÎÞÐIJåÁøÁø³ÉÒñ¡¹µÄ¾ªÆæÄØ¡£Ç°ÃæÌá¹ýµÄ¼¸Î»´óʦ¼¶ÈËÎҲ×ß¹ýÕâÌõ·Ïߣ¬ÓªÔì³ö¹Å½ñ¹áͨµÄÌíÒíЧ¹û¡£

²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ×
Cesarano£»¡¡Filippo¡¡£¨2006£©£º¡¡¡°Economic¡¡history¡¡and¡¡economic¡¡theory¡±£»¡¡Journal¡¡of¡¡Economic¡¡Methodology£»¡¡13£¨4£©£º44767¡£
McCloskey£»¡¡Donald¡¡£¨1976£©£º¡¡¡°Does¡¡the¡¡Past¡¡Have¡¡Useful¡¡Economics£¿¡±£»¡¡Journal¡¡of¡¡Economic¡¡Literature£»¡¡14£¨2£©£º43461¡£

¸½Â¼£ºÑÓÉìÔĶÁ
1ÍøÕ¾
×îÖØÒªµÄ¾­¼ÃÊ·ÍøÕ¾£¨£ºeh¡££©ÓÚ1994ÄêÉèÁ¢£¬ÊÇÓÉ£¨1£©ÃÀ¹ú¾­¼Ãʷѧ»á£¨Economic¡¡History¡¡Association£¬1940ÄêÉèÁ¢£©¡¢£¨2£©ÉÌҵʷÑÐÌֻᣨBusiness¡¡History¡¡Conference£¬1954ÄêÉèÁ¢£©¡¢£¨3£©¼ÆÁ¿¾­¼Ãʷѧ»á£¨Cliometric¡¡Society£¬1983Äê³ÉÁ¢£©¡¢£¨4£©Ó¢¹ú¾­¼Ãʷѧ»á£¨Economic¡¡History¡¡Society£¬1926ÄêÉèÁ¢£©¡¢£¨5£©¾­¼Ãѧʷѧ»á£¨»ò³ÆΪ¾­¼Ã˼Ïëʷѧ»áHistory¡¡of¡¡Economics¡¡Society£¬1974Äê³ÉÁ¢£©£¬¹²Í¬Ö§³ÖµÄÍøÕ¾¡£µ¥¾Í¾­¼ÃÊ·Õâ¸öÁìÓòÀ´Ëµ£¬Õâ¸öÍøÕ¾Ìṩ·Ç³£·á¸»µÄÐÅÏ¢¡£
£¨1£©×î½üÓ뽫À´µÄÖ÷ÒªÑÐÌÖ»áѶϢ£¬ÀýÈç2006Äê8ÔÂÔÚ·ÒÀ¼ºÕ¶ûÐÁ»ùµÄµÚ16½ì¹ú¼Ê¾­¼ÃÊ·´ó»á£¨Ã¿4ÄêÒ»´Î£©£¬ÒÔ¼°ÔÚ¸÷¹ú¾Ù°ìµÄ¸÷ÖÖ¾­¼ÃÊ·»áÒé¡£
£¨2£©½éÉÜÖØÒªµÄ¾­¼ÃѧÕß¼°ÆäÖø×÷¡£
£¨3£©½éÉܾ­¼ÃÊ·µÄ¾­µäÖø×÷£¬ÒÔ¼°»Ø¹ËÐÔµÄÆÀÂÛ¡£
£¨4£©×îеÄÂÛÎÄÓëÕªÒª¡£
£¨5£©ÒÉÄѽâ´ð£¨Ask¡¡the¡¡Professor£©¡£
£¨6£©ÐÂÊéÆÀÂÛ¡£
£¨7£©ÐÐÊÂÀú£¨²éÔÄÄÄÒ»ÌìÓÐÄÄЩ»áÒé»òÊÂÇ飩¡£
£¨8£©¾­¼ÃÊ·½²Ò壨Óɸ÷¹ú¾­¼ÃÊ·½ÌÊÚÌṩ¿Î³Ì´ó¸Ù£¬·½±ãÁ˽âͬÐпªÉèÄÄЩ¿Î³Ì¡¢Ê¹ÓÃÄÄЩ½Ì²Ä£©¡£
£¨9£©Í³¼ÆÊý¾Ý¿â£¬ÄÚÈݷdz£·á¸»£¬ÀýÈçÓÐ18801913Äê¼äµÄ¹ú¼Ê½ðÈÚͳ¼Æ¡¢°ÂͼÂüµÛ¹ú16001900¼äµÄ¾­¼ÃÓëÉç»áÊ·×ÊÁÏ¡£
£¨10£©»áÔ±Êý¾Ý¿â£¬¿É²éË÷»áÔ±µÄÑо¿Ö÷Ìâ¡£
£¨11£©°Ù¿ÆÈ«Ê飺ÒÀ×ÖĸÐòÅÅÁУ¬Ìâ²Ä·á¸»£¬ËæʱÓÐÐÂÌõÄ¿¡£
£¨12£©ÏëÖªµÀ1790ÄêµÄ1ÃÀ½ðÊÇÏÖÔڵļ¸±¶¼ÛÖµÂð£¿ÏëÖªµÀ12572001Äê¼äµÄ»Æ½ð¼Û¸ñÂ𣿡¸How¡¡Much¡¡is¡¡That£¿¡¹ÌṩÐí¶àÓÐÓõÄͳ¼ÆÓë»»Ëã·½·¨¡£
£¨13£©Ïà¹ØÍøÕ¾£ºÄÚ·Ö£¨a£©¸÷¹úÓë¾­¼ÃÊ·Ïà¹ØµÄѧ»áÍøÖ·Áª½á£¬ÀýÈ硸¿óұʷѧ»á¡¹¡££¨b£©Ö÷ÒªµÄ¾­¼ÃÊ·ÆÚ¿¯£¬2006Äê7ÔÂʱÓÐ27ÖÖ£¬¿ÉѸËÙÁ¬½áµ½³ö°æÉ磬²éË÷¸÷¾íµÄÄÚÈÝ¡£
£¨14£©Ö÷ÒªµÄ¾­¼ÃÊ·Ñо¿ÖÐÐÄÍøÖ·¡£
£¨15£©»áÔ±Ö®¼ä¶Ô¸÷ÖÖÒéÌâµÄÔÚÏßÌÖÂÛÄÚÈÝ¡£

2רҵÆÚ¿¯
£ºeh¡£ÍøÕ¾ÄÚ£¬ÔÚRelated¡¡WebsitesÀÁÐÓÐ27ÖÖÓ¢Îĵľ­¼ÃÊ·ÆÚ¿¯£¬¿ÉÁ¬½áµ½³ö°æÉçµÄÍøÒ³ÉÏ¡£Æäʵ·ÇÓ¢Óï¹ú¼ÒÓв»ÉÙ¾­¼ÃÊ·µÄרҵ¿¯ÎÀýÈçÈÕ±¾µÄ¡¶Éç»á¾­¼Ãʷѧ¡·£¨1Äê6ÆÚ£¬1931Äê´´¿¯£©£¬·¨¡¢Î÷¡¢µÂÖî¹úÒ²¶¼ÓÐÆÚ¿¯£¬µ«Î´ÁÐÔÚÕâ¸öÍøÒ³ÉÏ¡£¾Í¾­¼Ãѧ½ç¶øÑÔ£¬³ýÁËרҵµÄ¾­¼ÃÊ·ÆÚ¿¯Í⣬ÓÐЩºÜÖØÒªµÄ¹²Í¬ÆÚ¿¯£¬ÀýÈçAmerican¡¡Economic¡¡Review¡¢Journal¡¡of¡¡Political¡¡Economy¡¢Quarterly¡¡Journal¡¡of¡¡Economics£¬Ã¿Ä궼»á¿¯³ö¼¸Æª¾­¼ÃÊ·µÄºÃÎÄÕ¡£Oxford¡¡Economic¡¡Papers¡¡ÔÚ19878ºÍ20078£¬ÓйýÁ½´Î¡¸¾­¼Ãʷר¼­¡¹¡£

Journal¡¡of¡¡Economic¡¡History
ÔÚרҵ¿¯ÎïÖУ¬ÎÒ×î³£¿´µÄÓÐÏÂÁÐ4ÖÖ£ºJournal¡¡of¡¡Economic¡¡History£¨1940Äê´´¿¯£¬Ã¿Äê4ÆÚ£¬ÊÇÕâ¸öÐÐÒµ×îÖØÒªµÄ¿¯ÎÎÒ¸¶ÁËÒ»±Ê»á·Ñ£¬³ÉΪÖÕÉí»áÔ±£©¡¢Explorations¡¡in¡¡Economic¡¡History£¨1963Äê´´¿¯£¬×ÅÖØÔËÓüÆÁ¿·½·¨ÔÚÀúÊ·Êý¾ÝÉÏ£¬ÊǼÆÁ¿Ê·Ñ§µÄ´ú±íÐÔ¿¯Î¼¾¿¯£©¡¢Economic¡¡History¡¡Review£¨Ó¢¹ú¾­¼Ãʷѧ»áµÄ¿¯ÎÌâ²ÄÓë·ÖÎöÊÖ·¨½Ï´«Í³£¬Åųâ¼ÆÁ¿Ê·Ñ§µÄÊÖ·¨£¬1926Äê´´Á¢£¬¼¾¿¯£©¡¢European¡¡Economic¡¡History¡¡Review£¨1996Äê´´¿¯£¬Ã¿Äê3ÆÚ£¬ÊÇÅ·ÖÞÀúÊ·¾­¼Ãѧ»áEuropean¡¡Historical¡¡Economics¡¡SocietyµÄ¹Ù·½¿¯Î¡£
³ýÁËÉÏÊöµÄÓ¢¹ú¡¢ÃÀ¹ú¡¢Å·ÖÞÕâ3¸ö¾­¼Ãʷѧ»á£¬»¹ÓÐÒ»¸ö¼ÆÁ¿¾­¼Ãʷѧ»á£¨Cliometric¡¡Society£¬1983Äê³ÉÁ¢£©¡£Õâ¸öѧ»áÔÚ2007Äê´´°ìÒ»¸öп¯ÎïCliometrica£º¡¡Journal¡¡of¡¡Historical¡¡Economics¡¡and¡¡Econometric¡¡History£¬Óɵ¹úµÄÖøÃû³ö°æÉçSpringer·¢ÐУ¬·¨¹ú¼ÆÁ¿¾­¼Ãʷѧ»á£¨Association¡¡Fran£¿aise¡¡de¡¡Cliom¨¦trie£©Ö÷³Ö£¬ÆäÏÂÓйú¼Ê±à¼­Î¯Ô±Èº£¬ÕâÊÇ×îеľ­¼ÃÊ·¿¯Îï¡£Óë¾­¼ÃÊ·Ïà¹ØµÄרҵӢÎÄ¿¯ÎïʵÔÚ²»ÉÙ£¬ÔÙ¼ÓÉÏ·ÇÓ¢ÓïµÄÆÚ¿¯£¬ÊýÁ¿¿ÖÅ»áÈÃÈ˾ªÆæ¡£Çë²ÎÔÄGianfranco£¿Di£¿Vaio¡¡and¡¡Jacob£¿Louis£¿Weisdorf¡¡£¨2010£©£º¡¡¡°Ranking¡¡economic¡¡history¡¡journals£º¡¡a¡¡citationbased¡¡impactadjusted¡¡analysis¡±£»¡¡Cliometrica£»¡¡4£¨1£©£º117¡£

3Êý¾Ý¿âÓë²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ×
×îÖØÒªµÄÔÚÏßÊý¾Ý¿âÊÇEconLit£¬ÕâÊǾ­¼Ãѧ½ç×îÊìϤµÄÂÛÎIJéË÷·½Ê½¡£ËüµÄ×ÊÁÏÀ´×ÔÃÀ¹ú¾­¼Ãѧ»á֮ϵĿ¯ÎïÖ®Ò»£ºJournal¡¡of¡¡Economic¡¡Literature£¨JEL£¬1969ÄêÓÉJournal¡¡of¡¡Economic¡¡Abstract¡¡¸ÄΪÏÖÃû£¬¼¾¿¯£©¡£¸÷¹úµÄ¾­¼ÃѧרҵÆÚ¿¯£¬ÈôÒªÔÚJEL¿¯Ôظ÷ÆÚÄÚÈÝË÷Òý£¬ÐëÏȾ­¹ýÉó²éÊÇ·ñÈçÆÚ³ö¿¯¡¢ÂÛÎÄÊÇ·ñºÏºõѧÊõ±ê×¼¡£Í¨¹ýÉó²éºó£¬Òª³Ê½»Ã¿ÆÚÂÛÎĵÄÌâÄ¿¡¢×÷ÕßÐÕÃû¡¢·þÎñ»ú¹¹¡¢ÕªÒª¡¢¹Ø¼ü´Ê¡¢ÌâÄ¿·ÖÀà±àºÅ¡£ÕâÊǷdz£·á¸»µÄÊý¾Ý¿â£¬¿ÉÒÀ×÷Õß¡¢¹Ø¼ü´Ê¡¢¿¯ÎïÃû³Æ¡¢Ìâ²Ä·ÖÀ࣬×öÈ«ÎÄËÑÑ°¡£Èç¹ûÄã¶ÔÎ×ÆÅÎÊÌâÓÐÐËȤ£¬¼üÈëWitchcraft¾Í»áÓв»ÉÙ·¢ÏÖ¡£EconLitÊý¾Ý¿âÔŲ́ÍåÒѺÜÆձ飬¼òÒ׺ÃÓã¬1969ÄêÆðµÄÂÛÎĶ¼¿É²éË÷µ½£¬Êý¾Ý¿âÿÄê¸üÐÂ4´Î¡£
¾­¼ÃÊ·ÊǸöÀÏÐÐÒµ£¬1969Äê֮ǰµÄÂÛÎÄÒ²ÄܲéѯÂð£¿ÓÐ3±¾ÊéÄ¿¿É²éË÷£º£¨1£©¡¡Donald¡¡McCloskey¡¡and¡¡George¡¡Hersh£»¡¡Jr¡£¡¡£¨1990£©¡¡eds¡££º¡¡A¡¡Bibliography¡¡of¡¡Historical¡¡Economics¡¡to¡¡1980£»¡¡New¡¡York£º¡¡Cambridge¡¡University¡¡Press£»¡¡505¡¡pages£»¡¡4£»300¡¡items¡££¨2£©¡¡Derek¡¡Aldcroft¡¡and¡¡Richard¡¡Rodger¡¡£¨1992£©¡¡eds£º¡¡Bibliography¡¡of¡¡European¡¡Economic¡¡and¡¡Social¡¡History£»¡¡Manchester¡¡University¡¡Press¡¡£¨2nd¡¡edition£©£»¡¡304¡¡pages£»¡¡over¡¡6£»000¡¡entries¡££¨3£©¡¡Charles¡¡Wilson¡¡and¡¡Geoffrey¡¡Parker¡¡£¨1977£©¡¡eds¡££º¡¡An¡¡Introduction¡¡to¡¡the¡¡Sources¡¡of¡¡European¡¡Economic¡¡History¡¡15001800£»¡¡Cornell¡¡University¡¡Press£»¡¡250¡¡pages¡£
ÓÐûÓо­¼ÃÊ·°Ù¿ÆÈ«ÊéÄØ£¿2003Äê6Ô£¬Å£½ò´óѧ³ö°æThe¡¡Oxford¡¡Encyclopedia¡¡of¡¡Economic¡¡History£¨5²á£©£¬Ö÷±àÕßÊÇÃÀ¹úÎ÷±±´óѧ¾­¼ÃÊ·Ãû½ÌÊÚJoel¡¡Mokyr£¬¹²2£»806Ò³£¬¶©¼Û695ÃÀÔª£¬ÓÉ800λר¼ÒдÁË900¸öÌõÄ¿¡£ÊéÆÀ˵±àµÃºÜºÃ£¬Ö»ÊÇÌ«¹ý×ÅÖØ¡¸Î÷·½¡¹£¬Ì«¹ýÅ·ÖÞÖÐÐÄ£¬µ«ÕâÒ²ÊÇÄÑÃâµÄÊ¡£Ë÷Òý×öµÃºÜºÃ£¬²éË÷±ãÀû¡£
¡¡
The¡¡Oxford¡¡Encyclopedia¡¡of¡¡Economic¡¡History£¨5²á£©
Èç¹ûÎÒ¶Ôij¸öÌâ²ÄÓÐÐËȤ£¬³ýÁËÕâÌ×°Ù¿ÆÈ«Ê飬ÎÒ»áÓüÆËã»úÕÒÑ°ÈýÏî×ÊÔ´£¬ÒÀÐòÊÇ£º£¨1£©¡¡Google£¬£¨2£©¡¡EconLitÊý¾Ý¿â£¬£¨3£©¡¡Eh¡£ÄÚµÄEncyclopedia¡£¾­¼ÃÊ·ÊǸö·á¸»ÓÐȤµÄѧÃÅ£¬Í¬ºÃÃÇ£¬ÉîÈëÍÚ¾ò°É£¡
Ô­¿¯ÓÚ¡¶ÀúÊ·Ô¿¯¡·2007Äê1ÔÂ229ÆÚ







ÉÏƪ
Î÷Ñó¾­¼ÃÊ·µÄȤζ

1Ϊʲô¼ÆËã»ú¼üÅ̲»ÒÀABCDÅÅÁУ¿






1970ÄêÎÒ¶Á´óһʱ£¬ÉÌѧԺµÄѧÉú¶¼ÒªÑ§ËãÅÌ¡¢Ó¢ÎÄ´ò×Ö¡¢²Ù×÷»úеʽ¼ÆËãÆ÷¡£ÎÒÔç¾Íѧ¹ýËãÅÌ£¬µ«×ܾõµÃÎÞÔµ£»Ñ§Ï°²Ù×÷»úеʽ¼ÆËãÆ÷ʱ£¬µ¹ÊǵÚÒ»´Î¿´µ½ÕâÖÖÑóÍæÒâ¡£¼ÆËãʱҪÏÈ°´Ï±»³ËÊýµÄÊýÖµ£¬È»ºó°´³ËÊýÖµ£¬ÎÒÒÀÏ¡¼ÇµÃ£¬Õâ»áÈÃÓÐЩ¸Ë×ÓÉÏÏÂÒƶ¯£¬È»ºóҡתÓÒ²àµÄ°ÑÊÖ£¬¾ÍµÃ³ö³Ë»ýÀ´¡£×ö¶àλÊý×ÖÏà³Ë»òÏà³ýʱ£¬ËÙ¶ÈÉõÖÁ±ÈËãÅ̿죬µ«ÎÒ¶ÔÕâÍæÒ⻹ÊÇûÐËȤ¡£ÎÒµÚÒ»´Î¿´µ½ÕÆÉÏÐ͵ç×Ó¼ÆËãÆ÷£¬ÊÇ1974Äê´óѧ±Ïҵʱ£¬Ö»ÄÜÏÔʾ8¸öÊý×Ö£¬Òª²åµç²ÅÄÜÓã¬ÊÛ¼Û3ǧԪ£¬ÊÇ´óѧ±ÏÒµÉúµÄÆðн¡£

Remington¡¡typewriter
Ó¡Ïó½ÏÉîµÄÊÇ´ò×Ö»ú£¬ÎÒ¶ÔÕⶫÎ÷½ÏÓÐÐËȤ£¬×ܾõµÃºÃÏñ¿ÉÒÔ͸¹ýËü£¬´ò³öÓÐÒâÒåµÄ¶«Î÷¡£ÄÇÊÇһЩÀϾɵ½ÄÑÒÔÐÎÈݵÄÃÀÖÆÇû÷ʽ´ò×Ö»ú£¬ÎÒ²»¼ÇµÃÅÆ×ÓÊÇUnderwood»òÊÇRemington¡£´ò×ÖµÄÔ­Àí´óÂÔÈçÏ£ºÈç¹ûÄã°´ÏÂA¼ü£¬¾Í»áÓÐÒ»¸ùϸ±âµÄÌú¸Ë£¬»÷ÏòÒ»¸öÔ²ÐιöͲ£¬¹öͲÉÏÃæÊÇÒ»ÕÅ°×Ö½£¬°×Ö½µÄÇ°·½ÊǺÚÉ«Ä«Ë®´ø¡£°´ÏÂA¼üʱ£¬Ìú¸Ë¾Í´òÏòÕû¸ö¼üÅ̵ÄÕýÖмäȱ¿Ú£¬Í¸¹ýÉ«´ø°Ña×Ö´òÔÚÖ½ÉÏ¡£Èç¹ûÒªÏÔʾ³öA×Ö£¬¾ÍÒª°´shift¼ü£¬´ò³ö´óд×Öĸ£¬ºÍÏÖÔÚ¼ÆËã»ú¼üÅÌÒ»Ñù¡£ÕýÈ·µØ˵£ºÏÖÔڵļÆËã»ú¼üÅÌÅÅÁз½Ê½£¬ÊdzмÌ×Ôµ¯»Éʽ´ò×Ö»ú¡£
ÕâЩ´ò×Ö»ú²»ÖªÒѱ»¶àÉÙѧ³¤ÔãÌ£¹ý£¬Ã¿¸ö×ָ˵ĵ¯»É£¬Ëæ×ÅÓ¢ÎÄ×Ö³öÏÖµÄƵÂʲ»Í¬£¨ÔÚ¼üÅÌÖмäλÖõÄTYU×î³£´òµ½£¬QZXÕâЩ¼ü½ÏÉÙ´òµ½£©£¬µ¯»ÉµÄËɽô¶È¸÷Ò죬ËùÐèµÄ´ò»÷Á¦µÀÓ뵯»ØµÄʱ¼äÒ²²»Í¬¡£Èç¹û´òÌ«¿ì£¬ÓÐЩ×ָ˻¹Î´µ¯»Ø£¬¾ÍÇôòÆäËü×Ö¼ü£¬ÕâЩÌú¸Ë¾Í»á¾À²ø³ÉÒ»¶Ñ£¬ÒªÓÃÊÖÖðÒ»·Ö¿ª²¦»Ø£¬²ÅÄÜ´òϸö×Öĸ¡£
ÕâÊÇ»úеÀϾɺ󲻿ɱÜÃâµÄ½á¹û£¬Á·Ï°Ê±ÓÐÈý·Ö֮һʱ¼ä£¬ÓÃÔÚ²ð½â¾À½áµÄ´ò»÷¸Ë¡£Ó¦¶ÔÖ®µÀ£¬¾ÍÊDz»ÒªÕÕÁ·Ï°±¾ÉÏËù½ÌµÄ£¬Ê®¸öÊÖָȫ·ÅÔÚ¼üÅÌÉÏͬʱ´ò×Ö¡£Èç¹ûÖ»ÓÃ×óÓÒÊֵĸ÷Èý¸öÊÖÖ¸£¨Ò²¾ÍÊÇ˵£¬Ö»Ê£ÏÂ6¸öָͷÓй¦ÄÜ£©£¬¾Í¿É¼õÉÙÐí¶àÂé·³¡£ÎÒ²»ÊÇÊÖ½ÅÁéÇÉÐ͵ÄÈË£¬Á·Ï°¾ÃÁËÖ®ºó£¬¾õµÃÓÃ4Ö¸Éñ¹¦´òµÃ×î¿ì¡£
1979ÄêÎÒÈ¥°ÍÀè¶ÁÊéʱ£¬ÂòÁËÒ»¸öÈ

СÌáʾ£º°´ »Ø³µ [Enter] ¼ü ·µ»ØÊéÄ¿£¬°´ ¡û ¼ü ·µ»ØÉÏÒ»Ò³£¬ °´ ¡ú ¼ü ½øÈëÏÂÒ»Ò³¡£ ÔÞһϠÌí¼ÓÊéÇ©¼ÓÈëÊé¼Ü