Egypt�察�Babylon�察�or Persia�察�with the hermit of the Thebaid�察�starving in his
frock of camel's hair�察 �with his soul fixed on the ineffable glories of the
unseen�察�and striving�察�however wildly and fantastically�察�to bee an angel
and not an ape�察�I will say the hermit�察�and not the Caesar�察�is the civilised
man。
There are plenty of histories of civilisation and theories of civilisation
abroad in the world just now�察 �and which profess to show you how the
primeval savage has�察�or at least may have�察�bee the civilised man。 For
my part�察 �with all due and careful consideration�察 �I confess I attach very
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little value to any of them�此 �and for this simple reason that we have no
facts。 The facts are lost。
Of course�察 �if you assume a proposition as certainly true�察 �it is easy
enough to prove that proposition to be true�察 �at least to your own
satisfaction。 If you assert with the old proverb�察�that you may make a silk
purse out of a sow's ear�察�you will be stupider than I dare suppose anyone
here to be�察�if you cannot invent for yourselves all the intermediate stages
of the transformation�察 �however startling。 And�察 �indeed�察 �if modern
philosophers had stuck more closely to this old proverb�察�and its defining
verb ;make�察─�and tried to show how some person or personslet them be
who they maymen�察 �angels�察 �or godsmade the sow's ear into the silk
purse�察 �and the savage into the sagethey might have pleaded that they
were still trying to keep their feet upon the firm ground of actual
experience。 But while their theory is�察�that the sow's ear grew into a silk
purse of itself�察 �and yet unconsciously and without any intention of so
bettering itself in life�察�why�察�I think that those who have studied the history
which lies behind them�察�and the poor human nature which is struggling�察�
and sinning�察�and sorrowing�察�and failing around them�察�and which seems on
the greater part of this planet going downwards and not upwards�察�and by
no means bettering itself�察�save in the increase of opera´houses�察�liquor´bars�察�
and gambling´tables�察�and that which pertaineth thereto�察�then we�察�I think�察�
may be excused if we say with the old Stoics��Greek text��I withhold my
judgment。 I know nothing about the matter yet�察 �and you�察 �oh my
imaginative though learned friends�察�know I suspect very little either。
Eldest of things�察�Divine Equality�此�
so sang poor Shelley�察�and with a certain truth。 For if�察�as I believe�察�
the human race sprang from a single pair�察 �there must have been among
their individual descendants an equality far greater than any which has
been known on earth during historic times。 But that equality was at best
the infantile innocence of the primary race�察�which faded away in the race
as quickly�察 �alas� �as it does in the individual child。 Divinetherefore it
was one of the first blessings which man lost�察 �one of the last�察 �I fear�察 �to
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which he will return�察�that to which civilisation�察�even at its best yet known�察�
has not yet attained�察 �save here and there for short periods�察 �but towards
which it is striving as an ideal goal�察�and�察�as I trust�察�not in vain。
The eldest of things which we see actually as history is not equality�察�
but an already developed hideous inequality�察 �trying to perpetuate itself�察�
and yet by a most divine and gracious law�察�destroying itself by the very
means which it uses to keep itself alive。
;There were giants in the earth in those days。 And Nimrod began to
be a mighty one in the earth; ´
A mighty hunter�察�and his game was man。
No�察�it is not equality which we see through the dim mist of bygone
ages。
What we do see isI know not whether you will think me superstitious
or old´fashioned�察�but so I holdvery much what the earlier books of the
Bible show us under symbolic laws。 Greek histories�察 �Roman histories�察�
Egyptian histories�察�Eastern histories�察�inscriptions�察�national epics�察�legends�察�
fragments of legendsin the New World as in the Oldall tell the same
story。 Not the story without an end�察�but the story without a beginning。
As in the Hindoo cosmogony�察 �the world stands on an elephant�察 �and the
elephant on a tortoise�察�and the tortoise onwhat�拭 �No man knows。 I do
not know。 I only assert deliberately�察 �waiting�察 �as Napoleon says�察 �till the
world e round to me�察 �that the tortoise does not standas is held by
certain anthropologists�察 �some honoured by me�察 �some personally dear to
meupon the savages who chipped flints and fed on mammoth and
reindeer in North´Western Europe�察 �shortly after the age of ice�察 �a few
hundred thousand years ago。 These sturdy little fellowsthe kinsmen
probably of the Esquimaux and Lappscould have been but the AVANT´
COURIERS�察 �or more probably the fugitives from the true mass of
mankindspreading northward from the Tropics into climes being�察�
after the long catastrophe of the age of ice�察�once more genial enough to
support men who knew what decent fort was�察�and were strong enough
to get the same�察 �by all means fair or foul。 No。 The tortoise of the
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human race does not stand on a savage。 The savage may stand on an
ape´like creature。 I do not say that he does not。 I do not say that he does。
I do not know�察�and no man knows。 But at least I say that the civilised
man and his world stand not upon creatures like to any savage now known
upon the earth。 For first�察 �it seems to be most unlikely�察 �and next�察 �and
more important to an inductive philosopher�察�there is no proof of it。 I see
no savages being really civilised menthat is�察 �not merely men who
will ape the outside of our so´called civilisation�察�even absorb a few of our
ideas�察 �not merely that�察 �but t
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