ゞhistorical lectures and essays(臥櫛帽署帽旋煽雰讐恙)〃

和墮云慕

耶紗慕禰

historical lectures and essays(臥櫛帽署帽旋煽雰讐恙)- 及18何蛍


梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈��梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈��梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何��

Roman Empire�察�remember�察�was never stronger than when the old Patrician 

blood      had    mingled      itself   with    that    of   every    nation     round     the 

Mediterranean。 

     But it does not last。       Selfishness�察�luxury�察�ferocity�察�spread from above�察�

as    well   as  from    below。     The    just   aristocracy    of   virtue   and   wisdom 



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bees   an   unjust   one   of   mere   power   and   privilege�察  �that   again�察  �one   of 

mere wealth   corrupting and   corrupt�察  �and is   destroyed�察 �not by  the  people 

from below�察�but by the monarch from above。                   The hereditary bondsmen 

may know 

       Who would be free�察�Himself must strike the blow。 

       But   they   dare   not�察  �know   not   how。   The   king   must   do   it   for   them。 

He   must   bee   the   State。      ;Better   one   tyrant�察─  �as   Voltaire   said�察   �than 

many。;      Better stand in fear of one lion far away�察�than of many wolves�察�

each   in   the   nearest   wood。    And   so   arise   those   truly   monstrous   Eastern 

despotisms�察  �of   which   modern   Persia   is�察  �thank   God�察  �the   only   remaining 

specimen�察  �for   Turkey   and   Egypt   are   too   amenable   of   late   years   to   the 

influence of the free nations to be counted as despotisms pure and simple 

despotisms in which men�察�instead of worshipping a God´man�察�worship the 

hideous counterfeit�察�a Man´goda poor human being endowed by public 

opinion      with   the   powers     of  deity�察  �while    he   is  the  slave    of  all  the 

weaknesses of humanity。            But such�察�as an historic fact�察�has been the last 

stage of every civilisation even that of Rome�察�which ripened itself upon 

this earth the last in ancient times�察�and�察�I had almost said�察�until this very 

day�察 �except   among   the   men   who   speak Teutonic   tongues�察  �and   who  have 

preserved through all temptations�察�and reasserted through all dangers�察�the 

free ideas which have been our sacred heritage ever since Tacitus beheld 

us�察�with respect   and awe�察�among our German   forests�察�and saw  in us the 

future masters of the Roman Empire。 

     Yes�察�it is very sad�察�the past history of mankind。              But shall we despise 

those   who   went   before   us�察  �and   on   whose   accumulated   labours   we   now 

stand�拭�

     Shall   we   not   reverence   our   spiritual   ancestors�拭    �Shall   we   not   show 

our reverence by copying them�察�at least whenever�察�as in those old Persians�察�

we    see   in  them    manliness      and   truthfulness�察   �hatred    of  idolatries�察  �and 

devotion to the God of light and life and good�拭                  �And shall we not feel 

pity�察  �instead    of  contempt�察    �for   their  ruder   forms    of   government�察     �their 

ignorances�察�excesses�察�failuresso excusable in men who�察�with little or no 



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previous teaching�察�were trying to solve for themselves for the first time the 

deepest social and political problems of humanity。 

     Yes�察�those old despotisms we trust are dead�察�and never to revive。 But 

their corpses are the corpses�察�not of   our enemies�察�but of our friends  and 

predecessors�察  �slain   in   the   world´old   fight   of   Ormuzd   against   Ahriman 

light against darkness�察�order against disorder。 Confusedly they fought�察�and 

sometimes   ill�此      �but   their   corpses   piled the   breach   and   filled the   trench 

for us�察�and over their corpses we step on to what should be to us an easy 

victorywhat may be to us�察�yet�察�a shameful ruin。 

     For if we be�察�as we are wont to boast�察�the salt of the earth and the light 

of the  world�察 �what   if   the salt should lose  its   savour�拭         �What   if the  light 

which is in us should bee darkness�拭                 �For myself�察�when I look upon 

the    responsibilities     of  the   free  nations    of   modern     times�察   �so  far  from 

boasting of that liberty in which I delightand to keep which I freely�察�too�察�

could dieI rather say�察�in fear and trembling�察�God help us on whom He 

has laid so heavy a burden as to make us free�察�responsible�察�each individual 

of us�察�not only to ourselves�察�but to Him and all mankind。                     For if we fall 

we shall fall I know not whither�察�and I dare not think。 

     How   those   old   despotisms�察  �the   mighty   empires   of   old   time�察  �fell�察  �we 

know�察  �and   we   can   easily  explain。      Corrupt�察  �luxurious�察  �effeminate�察  �eaten 

out by universal selfishness   and mutual fear�察�they  had at last no organic 

coherence。       The     moral    anarchy     within    showed      through�察   �at  last  burst 

through�察�the painted skin of prescriptive order which held them together。 

Some braver and abler�察�and usually more virtuous people�察�often some little�察�

hardy�察  �homely   mountain   tribe�察  �saw   that   the   fruit   was   ripe   for   gathering�察�

and�察�caring naught for superior numbersand saying with German Alaric 

when   the   Romans   boasted   of   their   numbers�察   �The   thicker   the   hay   the 

easier it is mowed;struck one brave blow at the huge inflated wind´bag 

as   Cyrus   and   his   handful   of   Persians   struck   at   the  Medes�察  �as Alexander 

and his handful of Greeks struck afterwards at the Persiansand behold�察�it 

collapsed   upon   the   spot。       And   then   the   victors   took   the   place   of   the 

conquered�察�and became in their turn an aristocracy�察�and then a despotism�察�



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and   in   their   turn   rotted   down   and   perished。     And   so   the   vicious   circle 

repeated itself�察�age after age�察�from Egypt and Assyria to Mexico and Peru。 

     And   therefore�察  �we�察  �free   peoples   as   we   are�察  �have   need   to   watch�察  �and 

sternly watch�察�ourselves。          Equality of some kind or other is�察�as I said�察�our 

natural   and   seemingly   inevitable   goal。        But   which   equality�拭      �For   there 

are   twoa   true   one   and   a   false�察  �a   noble   and   a   base�察  �a   healthful   and   a 

ruinous。      There is the truly divine equality�察�and there is the brute equality 

of sheep and oxen�察�and of flies and worms。                There is the equality which is 

founded   on   mutual   envy。        The   equality   which   respects   others�察  �and   the 

equality which asserts itself。          The equality which longs to raise all alike�察�

and the equality which desires to pull down all alike。                  The equality which 

says�此     �Thou art as good as I�察�and it may be better too�察�in the sight of God。 

And the equality which says�此              �I am as good as thou�察�an

弌戻幣�紺� 指概 [Enter] 囚 卦指慕朕��梓 ○ 囚 卦指貧匯匈�� 梓 ★ 囚 序秘和匯匈。 壘匯和 耶紗慕禰紗秘慕尺