Ann wants to tell Tom,but I’d rather she didn’t(tell him).
安想告诉汤姆,但我不想让她告诉他。
然而,prefer与like相同,后面都跟宾语+ 带to的不定式:
I’d prefer you to pay cash.
我想你最好付现金。
I’d prefer him not to paint it.
我不想让他给它上油漆。
I’d prefer her not to tell Tom.
我不想让她告诉汤姆。
?
'Amber demo'
298 表示偏爱的另一些例句
A I like hot weather better than cold.相当于:
I prefer hot weather to cold.
I’d rather/sooner have hot weather than cold.
我喜欢热天,不喜欢冷天。
I like skiing better than skating.相当于:
I prefer skiing to skating.
I’d rather/sooner ski than skate.
我喜欢滑雪胜于滑冰。
B I liked playing in matches better than watching them.相当于:
I preferred playing matches to watching them.
我喜欢参加比赛而不喜欢观看比赛。(这里不能用 would rather/soon…er。)
C —Would you like to start today or would you rather wait/would you pre…fer to wait till tomorrow?
—I’d rather go today(than wait till tomorrow).I’d rather not wait./ I’d prefer to stary today.I’d prefer not to wait.
—你愿意今天动身呢,还是宁愿等到明天?
—我宁愿今天动身(而不愿等到明天)。我不想等了。
I’d rather deliver it by hand than post it.
这东西我宁愿亲手递交也不想邮寄。
He says he’d rather go to prison than pay the fine.
他说他宁愿蹲监狱也不肯交罚款。
I’d rather pay his fine for him than let him go to prison.
我宁愿替他交罚款,也不愿让他蹲监狱。
rather than… would+不带to的不定式可用于较正式的英语中:
Rather than let him go to prison, I would pay his fine myself.
我宁肯自己代他付罚款,也不愿让他蹲监狱。
D prefer与rather的一些例句:
—Do you want Ann to repair it herself?
—I’d prefer her to ring/I’d rather she rang the electrician./I’d rather
she didn’t try to repair it herself.
—您想让安自己来修吗?
—我想还是让她打电话给电工更好。/我不想让她自己修。
They want to camp in my garden but I’d rather they didn’t.I’d ratherthey camped by the river.
他们想要在我的园子里露营,不过我不想让他们在我的园子里露营。
我宁愿他们在河边露营。
He usually has a pub lunch,but she’d prefer him to e home for ameal/she’d rather he came home for lunch.She’d rather he didn’tspend money in pubs.
他一般在小酒馆里吃午饭,但她宁愿他回家吃饭/她宁愿他回家吃午饭。她不愿他把钱花在小酒馆里。
?
'Amber demo'
299 wish,want和would like
?
wish,want和would like都表示愿望。
wish是最正式的说法,关于want和would like参见第 296节。
A wish之后可以直接跟不定式或宾语+ 不定式:
—Why do/did you wish to see the manager?
—I wish/wished to make a plaint.
—为什么你要见经理?
—我要投诉。
The government does not wish Dr Jekyll Hyde to accept a professorship ata foreign university.
政府不想让杰基尔·海德博士接受某一外国大学的教授职务。
在不太正式的话语中可用want或would like:
I would like/want to speak to Ann.
我想跟安说话。
I wanted to speak to Ann.
我想跟安说话。
She doesn’t/didn’t want the children to stay up later.
她不想让孩子们睡觉太迟。(如果在这里用like来代替want,则意为她不赞成孩子们太迟去睡觉。话中表示了不喜欢的意思。)
B want和would like之后可直接跟名词:
I want/would like a single room.
我想要单人房间。
He wanted a single room.
他想要单人房间。
wish的用法较为受限制一些:
可以用wish来表示祝愿某人幸运/成功/圣诞快乐等:
He said,‘Good luck!’
他说:“祝你好运!”相当于:
He wished me luck.
他祝我运气好。
也可在写信时说向某人致以好的/最好的愿望:
With all good wishes,yours Bill
祝你万事如意!你的比尔(写于信的末尾)
Best wishes for the New Year
致以新年的美好祝愿!(写于贺年卡上)
除这一类的祝愿语之外,wish之后一般不接名词作宾语。
wish+for之后可跟名词/代词,但通常含义是主语对自己的愿望得以实现不抱太大的希望。这主要用于感叹句中:
How he wished for a drink!
他多希望能有点东西喝!(大概他能得到点喝的这件事是没有希望的事。)
What he chiefly wished for was a chance to explain.
他主要希望能有一个解释的机会。(好像他不大可能有这个机会。)
?
'Amber demo'
300 wish+ 主语+ 虚拟过去时
?
A wish(that)+ 主语+ 过去时(虚拟语气;参见第290节B)这一结构用于对目前的情况表示遗憾:
I wish I knew his address.
但愿我知道他的地址就好了。相当于:
I’m sorry I don’t know his address.
很遗憾,我不知道他的地址。
I wish you could drive a car.
我真希望你会开车。相当于:
I’m sorry you can’t drive a car.
真可惜你不会开车。
I wish hs was ing with us.
我多希望他能跟我们一起来。相当于:
I’m sorry he isn’t ing with us.
真遗憾他不能跟我们一起来。
wish可用在过去时中而不改变虚拟的意思:
He wished he knew the address.
他多希望他知道那个地址。相当于:
He was sorry he didn’t know the address.
他感到遗憾他不知道那个地址。
在间接引语中,虚拟过去时形式不用变化:
‘I wish I lived nearer my work,’he said.
“但愿我住得离工作地再近点,”他说。相当于:
He said he wished he lived nearer his work.
他说但愿他能住得离工作地再近点。
B wish(that)+ 主语+ 过去完成时(虚拟语气)表示对过去的情况表示遗憾:
I wish(that) I hadn’t spent so much money.
但愿我没花掉这么多钱就好了。相当于:
I’m sorry I spent so much money.
真后悔我花去了这么多钱。
I wish you had written to him.
但愿你给他写过信就好了。相当于:
I’m sorry you didn’t write to him.
真遗憾你没有给他写信。
wished可代替wish而不改变虚拟的意思:
I wished I hadn’t spent so much money.相当于:
I was sorry I had spent so much money.
(译文同上。)
变为间接引语时,这些动词不用变化:
‘I wished I had taken his advice,’she said.
“但愿我当时听了他的劝告就好了,”她说。相当于:
She(said she) wished she had taken his advice.
她(说她)但愿当时听了他的劝告就好了。
C if only的用法与此完全相同。它的意思与 wish相同,只是比wish更生动:
If only we knew where to look for him!
如果我们知道上哪里去找他就好了!
If only she had asked someone’s advice!
假如她早请教别人一下就好了!
?
'Amber demo'
301 wish(that)+主语+would
?
A wish+主语+过去时态可以表示对现在的情况表示遗憾,如上面第300节所示:
I wish that he wrote more regularly.
我多希望他能勤来信。相当于:
I’m sorry he doesn’t write more regularly.
我很遗憾他来信不勤。
B wish+ 主语+ would的意思与上面所说的相似,但是它所表示的动作是从句的主语所能控制的。即:只要某人愿意,这种动作是可以改变的。wish+ would可表示主语现在愿意或不愿意进行某个动作,这常常是一种习惯性动作。
I wish he would write more often.
我多希望他肯常写信来。相当于:
I’m sorry he isn’t willing to write more often.
很遗憾,他不愿意常写信来。
I wish he would wear a coat.
我多希望他肯穿件外衣。相当于:
I’m sorry he refused to wear a coat.
可惜他不想穿外衣。
wish与would不能使用同一个主语,否则句子就会不符合逻辑。
因此不能出现 I wish+ I would这种结构。
C wish+ 主语+would也可表示对目前情况的不满以及希望能有所改变:
I wish he would answer my letter.
但愿他能给我写回信。(我等他的回信已经很久了。)
I wish they would change the menu.
我希望他们的饭菜能变变花样。(我吃香肠吃腻了。)
I wish they would stop making bombs.
我希望他们能停止制造炸弹。
但说话人通常是对发生他所要求的变化不抱有多大希望。上面的第三个例句表示完全没有希望。如同在上面B中一样,wish+主语+ would在这里限于表示有可能事情有所改变。wish和would同样不能使用同一个主语。
如果从句的主语是人,动作应该能受主语控制,句中仍然存在着愿意或不愿意的意思。但有时 wish+主语+would结构中从句的主语不是指人而是指物。这时就不�